Frostbite can occur even if the temperature is above zero. The symptoms are moderate pain and a tingling sensation in the skin. The skin turns white and hard. To prevent frostbite, replace wet clothes with dry clothes and keep all body parts warm.

To keep warm, you should wear a layer of wool next to your skin. It is better to wear several thin layers than one thick layer. Always wear a windproof jacket and trousers on the outside. Use braces/suspenders instead of a belt for better air circulation.

Do not touch any metal objects without first covering your hands. Always use windproof woolen mittens.

Do not go out into the cold right after shaving or washing your face. This is because soap and water deplete the layer of fat on your skin. You should use Vaseline or some other hydrating cream before going out in the cold.

Keep your feet clean, dry and warm. Keep a few extra pairs of socks in your bag to wear at night.

To avoid dehydration, you should drink at least 2.5 litres (84 oz.) of water a day.

Heat your food and drinks – it keeps you warm. Eating just before going to sleep, keeps your body temperature higher during the night.

These animals are usually grazing or moving from place to place in search of food. They must not be disturbed. Slow down and keep as far away from them as possible.